The Potential of Umbilical Cord Stem Cells in Future Joint Repair

Osteoarthritis is one of the most common joint conditions worldwide, affecting millions of people and often causing pain, stiffness and reduced mobility. While current treatments can help manage symptoms, they cannot rebuild the cartilage that has been damaged over time.

This is one reason why researchers are exploring the regenerative potential of cells found in umbilical cord blood and cord tissue. Among the most promising areas of investigation are mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs), which are found within umbilical cord tissue and can also be present in cord blood.

These cells are of particular interest because they can develop into a variety of specialised cell types, including cartilage cells. Researchers are also investigating their ability to release natural signalling molecules that may help modulate inflammation, regulate immune responses and support tissue repair—processes that are increasingly recognised as important in the development and progression of osteoarthritis.

Recent research has highlighted another fascinating possibility. Studies suggest that MSCs may release tiny structures called mitochondria, which can be taken up by damaged cartilage cells. This process may help support cell health and reduce inflammation, offering further insight into the regenerative potential of these cells.

A 2025 review published in Medicine examined the growing body of clinical evidence investigating the use of umbilical cord derived MSCs for knee cartilage repair. Across multiple studies, researchers reported encouraging outcomes, including:

• Regeneration of damaged cartilage tissue
• Improvements in joint function and mobility
• Reductions in pain and inflammation
• Enhanced quality of life for patients with knee osteoarthritis

Several studies demonstrated outcomes comparable to, or in some cases superior to, established cartilage repair techniques, particularly in older patients who often experience less favourable results with conventional approaches. Some clinical benefits were maintained for several years following treatment, suggesting the potential for long-term therapeutic effects.

Researchers have also reported a reassuring safety profile in clinical trials to date, with no serious treatment-related complications such as immune rejection or significant infections observed.

While further research and long-term clinical studies are still required, the growing body of evidence highlights the considerable potential of umbilical cord-derived cells in the future treatment of joint disease and cartilage injury.

Why Store Both Cord Blood and Cord Tissue?

When families choose to preserve their newborn’s stem cells, storing both cord blood and cord tissue provides access to two distinct and complementary cell populations.

Cord blood is a rich source of haematopoietic stem cells, which are already used in the treatment of more than 80 serious diseases worldwide. Cord tissue, meanwhile, contains large numbers of mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs), which are attracting considerable interest in regenerative medicine research. Scientists are investigating their potential to support tissue repair, regulate inflammation and aid recovery across a broad range of conditions affecting the musculoskeletal, cardiovascular, immune and nervous systems.

Importantly, scientists are still discovering new ways that umbilical cord stem cells may be used in the future. Many of the stem cell treatments available today were not even considered possible a few decades ago. By storing both cord blood and cord tissue, you will preserve a wider range of valuable cells from birth, helping to maximise access to emerging regenerative medicine opportunities that may develop in the years and decades ahead.

Have Questions? Please complete the short form below and you will receive a simple, comprehensive Free Guide to Cord Blood and Tissue Banking.